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The casting of molten metal takes place in a permanent metallic mold. The metallic mold will give its shape to the part. A protective coat is applied to the mold, by pulverisation, before each pour. It also serves as a demolding agent.

The objective is to obtain a very fast cooling by increasing the calorific exchange between the mold and the iron.

Full control of the chemical composition and mechanical properties

This will create a great many sites of nucleation as well as supercooling which will precipitate the austenite first. Then the graphite will appear at the parting of the dendrites, thus forbidding the precipitation of the primary graphite. This graphite formed during solidification will generate a graphite expansion, more so as we have a hyper-eutectic iron.

The structure of the iron will be 100% ferritic, with an extremely fine size of graphite flakes, which strongly increases the machinability over standard grey iron.
And as the graphite expansion cannot take place outwards, like in a sand mold, this will give the iron an increased compactness, which will in turn give perfectly leak tight castings obtained by this process. This characteristic is very useful for parts which are subject to pressure.

The heat treatment brings an added advantage, as it will get rid of all residual internal stresses, which could have resulted from the solidification. This will give the casting a very good dimensional stability during machining.